Paper:	Fine structure line emission from supergiants
Volume:	73, Airborne Astronomy Symposium on the Galactic Ecosystem: From Gas to Stars to Dust
Page:	397
Authors:	Haas, Michael R.; Glassgold, Alfred E.; Tielens, Alexander G. G. M.
Abstract:	We have detected (O I) 63 micron and (Si II) 35 micron emission from the oxygen-rich, M supergiants alpha Orionis (Betelgeuse), alpha Scorpii (Antares), and alpha Herculis (Rasalgethi). The measured fluxes indicate that the emission originates in dense, warm gas in the inner envelope or transition region where molecules and dust are expected to form and the acceleration of the wind occurs. Mass-loss rates are derived, evidence for time variability is presented, and results for other evolved stars are included.

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