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Paper: Large Warps and Polar Rings in H I
Volume: 486, Multi-Spin Galaxies
Page: 19
Authors: Józsa, G. I. G.
Abstract: At least half of all disk galaxies are warped, with polar ring galaxies in some instances being extreme cases of the same feature. Since the morphological and kinematical structure of warps and polar ring galaxies is tightly connected to their formation history and their underlying mass distribution, they are of special interest in the context of galaxy structure and formation in general. A clear, uniform picture about which of the possible formation channels play the dominant role in warp formation and maintenance has not evolved yet. Usually, warps become most pronounced beyond the optical disk and also in the case of polar rings, the H I often extends into a region beyond the optical disk. This is why observations in the neutral hydrogen component are an important ingredient in our understanding of warps. While future blind H I campaigns will yield a basis for statistical studies, a small number of deeply integrated observations of warped galaxies are at our hands to date. I discuss which clues H I observations of individual galaxies can provide and possible limitations of our analysis methods.
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