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Paper: Mass-loaded Jet Models of FLIERS in Planetary Nebulae
Volume: 199, Asymmetrical Planetary Nebulae II: From Origins to Microstructures
Page: 367
Authors: Dyson, J. E.; Redman, M. P.
Abstract: We propose that FLIERS are the recombination zones behind stationary recombination fronts produced in mass-loaded jets. Their main physical characteristics can be produced by jets with opening angles of a few degrees and momentum fluxes ~ 1027 g cm-1 s-2 which mass load from embedded clumps in the nebular envelope. Assuming that these clumps are similar to those in the Helix Nebula and that they have lifetimes ~ 103-4 yr., the number of clumps required in any given nebula is not incompatible with the number estimated to be present in the Helix.
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