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| Paper: |
From Megaparsecs To Milliparsecs: Galaxy Evolution and Supermassive Black Holes with NANOGrav and the ngVLA |
| Monograph: |
7, Science with a Next Generation Very Large Array |
| Page: |
611 |
| Authors: |
Taylor, S. R.; Simon, J. |
| Abstract: |
The dynamical evolution of supermassive black-hole binary systems is tethered on large scales to the merger rate of massive galaxies, and on small scales to the stellar and gaseous environments of galactic cores. The population of these systems will create an ensemble gravitational-wave signal at nanohertz frequencies that is detectable by Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA), such as the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav). By measuring nanohertz gravitational waves, we will be able to definitely demonstrate that supermassive black-hole binaries reach milliparsec separations, characterize their sub-parsec dynamical evolution, constrain scaling relationships between the bulge and central black-hole mass, and understand how gas inflow at large scales is fed to central galactic regions. The ngVLA will be an essential complement to this search; its goal resolution will allow for dual AGN to be distinguished, allowing for merger-rate estimates to constrain PTA searches.
Using its intercontinental VLBI capabilities (i.e., the ngVLA Long Baseline Array), parsec-scale resolution of binary evolution may be possible, indicating whether binaries stall or are driven efficiently to sub-parsec separations. NANOGrav gravitational-wave analysis, in concert with observations by the ngVLA and complementary facilities, will paint a multi-messenger portrait of galaxy evolution and the dynamics of the most massive black-holes in the Universe. |
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