ASPCS
 
Back to Volume
Paper: Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae and Faint Supernovae and Abundance Patterns of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars
Volume: 458, Galactic Archaeology: Near-Field Cosmology and the Formation of the Milky Way
Page: 3
Authors: Nomoto, K.
Abstract: With the Subaru telescope, we have been revealing several new properties of various types of supernovae (SNe). Here we report on the properties and nucleosynthesis of the two distinct new classes of massive SNe: 1) very energetic Hypernovae, whose kinetic energy (KE) is more than 10 times the KE of normal core-collapse SNe, and 2) very faint and low energy SNe (Faint SNe). These two new classes of SNe are likely to be “black-hole-forming” SNe with rotating or non-rotating black holes. Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae is characterized by larger abundance ratios (Zn,Co,V,Ti)/Fe and smaller (Mn,Cr)/Fe than normal SNe, which can explain the observed trends of these ratios in extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars. Nucleosynthesis in Faint SNe is characterized by a large amount of fall-back, which explains the abundance pattern of the most Fe-poor stars. These comparisons suggest that black-hole-forming SNe made important contributions to the early Galactic (and cosmic) chemical evolution. We discuss how nucleosynthetic properties resulted from such unusual supernovae are connected with the unusual abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars. Such connections may provide important constraints on the properties of first stars.
Back to Volume