Paper:	The Morphology and Pattern Speed of Spiral Structure
Volume:	453, Advances in Computational Astrophysics: Methods, Tools, and Outcome
Page:	369
Authors:	Nelson, D.; D'Onghia, E.; Hernquist, L.
Abstract:	We consider the spiral structure arising from the gravitational influence of massive perturbers corotating in a stellar disk. Within a single rotation period our simulations develop a prominent, large-scale response, covering a broad range of spiral galaxy morphologies. In contrast, identical systems in the absence of perturbers show no such features. Measuring radial variation of the spiral pattern speed Ωp using a modified Tremaine-Weinberg method, we find that the pattern speed both decreases with radius and closely follows the circular velocity of the disk.

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